What does the baseline in typography refer to?

The baseline in typography refers to the imaginary line on which text sits. This line represents the foundation upon which most letters rest, creating a consistent alignment and providing a visual anchor for the text. The baseline influences how the height of letters is perceived, particularly for those with descenders (like 'g' and 'y') and ascenders (like 'b' and 'h'). Understanding this concept is crucial for creating visually appealing and legible text layouts.

The other options describe different typography concepts: the uppermost line of a text would refer to the cap height or ascenders, the visual center relates to the overall balance of text but does not define a specific line, and the space between lines of text is known as leading. Each of these elements plays a role in text design, but it is the baseline that specifically dictates where the bulk of the text aligns.